Despite that we have two eyes, dominant models of voluntary eye movement control except for a single input, and issue a single conjugate command, in accordance with Hering’s Law. When midline gaze shifts are required, Hering postulated that another single command generates vergence. Many natural gaze shifts are not simply restricted to the frontoparallel plane or the midline. Hering resolved this by postulating that conjugate and vergence commands simply sum. These “classic” theories have guided basic oculomotor research and strabismus intervention for over a century, but have recently been challenged with new data from an occluded eye (Chandna et al., 2021). https://www.ski.org/users/steve-heinen